What methods would you use to determine if life exists on one or both of these planets? E

A new object has been discovered in our solar system; it is located beyond the Kuiper Belt. It is unknown what type of object it is (e.g. terrestrial planet, gas giant, dwarf planet).a) [3 marks] Before astronomers can classify this new object, they need to learn more about it. Describe 3 possible characteristics of this new object that need to be determined, and how they would help astronomers decide if it is a terrestrial planet, a gas giant, or a dwarf planet.b) After much work, astronomers decide the new object must be a terrestrial planet. Use the Nebular Hypothesis to explain why this does or does not make sense. If it does not make sense, suggest a possible reason for finding a terrestrial planet at that location.Question 2 a) [DRAW] Below is a diagram of a light wave from a star. Draw this diagram on your blank sheet of paper, and label that portion of the paper “Question 2”. (Don’t worry if it looks exactly the same as the drawing, do the best you can.)b) [1 mark] To the LEFT of your drawing of the light wave in part (a), draw another light wave from a star that appears dimmer and redder than the star in part (a).c) To the RIGHT of your drawing of the light wave in part (a), draw a light wave from a star that is identical to the star in part (a), but is moving towards us at a faster speed than the star in part (a).d) Explain why you drew the light wave in part (c) the way you did.Question 3 [4 marks total]Hubble proved that the Island Universe theory was correct, and that the Universe was expanding. The Big Bang Theory is the best explanation we have for the observed expansion of the universe.However, imagine a scenario where the Big Bang Theory was proven incorrect. Provide two pieces of observational evidence that would disprove the Big Bang Theory, and describe why they would disprove it.Question 4 There are three major types of spacecraft currently being used by space agencies to explore the solar system: orbiters, landers, and rovers. Choose 2 of the 3 types and answer the questions below. Clearly state which 2 you have chosen.a) State the purpose of the 2 spacecraft types you chose (i.e., what are they best used for), and provide an example of a mission that used each type of craft. Your examples must come from the lecture videos.b) Of the 2 types of spacecraft you chose, in your opinion, which is the more useful type of spacecraft for learning about another planet/moon/asteroid/comet, and why?The Drake equation contains 7 terms, which, when multiplied together, help us estimate the number of actively communicating intelligent civilizations in the universe. The 7 terms are listed below:a) [3 marks] In your opinion, of the 7 terms in the Drake Equation, which one do you think is the hardest to determine the correct value for, and why?b) [2 mark] In your opinion, what does the Drake Equation not account for? i.e., suggest an 8th term that the Drake Equation should include that would better help us estimate the number of Intelligent extraterrestrial species.You and a team of scientists have used the Transit Method to discover two new exoplanets around the star named “NATS1745.” The exoplanets have been given the names “NATS1745b” and “NATS1745c,” for short we will call them exoplanet b and c. Exoplanet b is smaller in size and closer to the star than exoplanet c.a) [DRAW – On your blank sheet of paper, draw an approximate light curve for a star that matches the above description (2 planets, where planet b is smaller and closer to the star than c). Label that portion of the paper “Long Answer.”You and your team are attempting to determine if life exists on one or both of these planets. Below you will describe how you would apply what you’ve learned from this course to aid you in approaching that question. Specifically, b) How would you determine if the planet was suitable for life? Be detailed.c) What methods would you use to determine if life exists on one or both of these planets? Explain how you would approach looking for simple life, and for intelligent life. (NOTE: you cannot fly there, you are doing this investigation from Earth).An international group of astronomers has found that your newly discovered planetary system has a strong chance of having intelligent life. They have decided they want to send a message to this possible extraterrestrial intelligence and have approached your research team to help build the message. d)Describe what you would include in a message to an extraterrestrial intelligence,

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