Write a critique for your paper in essay format using the section headings provided below.Your essay should fully answer the questions given in each section heading.Explain the main research question of this article in one or two sentences. Then explain how the authors arrive at this question from previous research.•Methods: What did the researchers do?•Variables: How are the concepts of interest operationalized in this experiment? Name the independent and dependent variables used in the experiment; include all the levels of each variable. Results: What did the authors find?•Discussion: What conclusions do the authors draw from their findings?•Critique:•Justification: Are the authors’ conclusions justified by the results? Explain. Relate your answer to a sensation or perception topic that you have learned about in this class. Relate the answer to these points learned in class lecture: * Attention can influence appearance * Experiment by Carrasco et. Al * Observers save two grating stimuli with either similar or different contrast between the bars * Task was to fixate on center point between gratings and indicate orientation of bars with higher contrast. * Small dots flashed very quickly on one side before gratings appeared. * Attention can influence the responding in different areas of the brain * It was the orientation of the grating that had the higher contrast * When there was a large difference in the contrast, the dot didn’t have any effect * When the contrast was the same, observers were more likely to report that grating preceded by the dot had higher contrast * Thus the shirt of attention led to a different perception * Attention can also influence physiological responding * Datta and DeYoe (2009)- attention maps show that directing attention to a specific area of space activates a specific area of the brain * Attention can be directed to an area of visual space when you’re blind- blind on right or left half of visual space- attended upper or lower region- still see the same speed advantage- consciousness and awareness are not the same thing- attention can act independently.•Conceptual Limitations: Are there any conceptual limitations in the experimental design? If there are, explain. If you feel there are no important ones, explain your reasoning.•Controls: How did the experimenters control for possible confounding variables? Explain.
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